Gum (or “periodontal”) disease is a common but serious condition that affects the gums, jawbone, and supporting structures. It develops in stages, starting with gingivitis, in which plaque buildup causes mild inflammation of the gums. When gingivitis is left untreated, it progresses to periodontitis, which involves severe irritation, bleeding of the gums, and infection. As this infection spreads deeper, it causes gum recession, bone loss, and even tooth loss. Advanced periodontitis can result in severe damage to the jawbone, making treatment more complex.
Causes, Risk Factors, and Symptoms of Gum Disease
The primary cause of gum disease is plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that accumulates on teeth. Poor oral hygiene, smoking, and a diet high in sugary or processed foods can contribute to plaque buildup. Other risk factors include genetics, hormonal changes (such as during pregnancy), diabetes, and certain medications that reduce saliva flow. Chronic stress and a weakened immune system can also make an individual more susceptible to gum infections.
Early signs of gum disease include red, swollen, or bleeding gums, especially during brushing or flossing. As the disease progresses, symptoms may include persistent bad breath, gum recession, pain while chewing, loose teeth, and, eventually, tooth loss.
Periodontal Treatment Options
Periodontal treatment depends on the severity of gum disease. Gingivitis can often be reversed with professional cleanings, improved at-home oral hygiene, and regular dental visits. However, more advanced cases may require deep cleaning procedures like scaling and root planing, which remove plaque and tartar from below the gumline. And in especially severe cases, surgical treatments like gum grafts or pocket reduction surgery may be necessary.
Effective and Efficient Periodontal Disease Treatment in Centennial, CO
If you’re looking for a dentist in Centennial with experience and expertise in treating bleeding gums and gum disease to sustainably restore patients’ periodontal health, contact Dr. Michael J. Franquemont DDS and our friendly and helpful team to schedule an appointment.